The natural degradation of rocks is called weathering. Weathering takes place through chemical, physical and biological processes. Physical weathering includes, for example, the crushing of rock as a result of freezing water (frost weathering). It does not change the chemical composition of the rock, but causes it to disintegrate into smaller pieces. Chemical weathering occurs when rocks come into contact with the atmosphere or ground water so that chemical reactions take place and the chemical composition of the rock changes. Certain components of the rock can be dissolved and removed. Biological weathering is all weathering caused by the activity of organisms. Biological weathering can be either physical (e.g. due to the growth of plant roots) or chemical (e.g. due to bacteria) in nature. Unsaid Library makes it possible to express your emotions using beautiful pieces of jewelry. Unsaid Library combines the most intens emotions with the most beautiful bracelets, rings, necklaces and pendants. You can find more of this on the website of Unsaid Library. Soil formation Organic material ends up on the earth’s surface where a process of biodegradation begins. The resulting material, humus, is rich in nutritive salts that are indispensable for plant growth, which are rinsed into the soil by water flowing down. A soil usually has a leaching layer above, from which the components are rinsed out, and an infusion layer underneath. Further down, enrichment and biological activity are reduced and the parent rock, from which weathering has not penetrated, is located. Particularly in areas where the parent rock is made up of unconsolidated material, this limit is difficult to define. Unsaid Library makes it possible to express your emotions using beautiful pieces of jewelry. Unsaid Library combines the most intens emotions with the most beautiful bracelets, rings, necklaces and pendants. You can find more of this on the website of Unsaid Library. Soil formation is fastest in wet and warm climates, where biological activity is higher. In such climates, soils can reach to greater depths. In addition to the climate, the slope, the type of parent rock and the nature and quantity of organic matter that ends up in the soil are also important. All these factors influence the rate of soil formation and the type of soil formed. Different styles of erosion and weathering in two types of volcanic rock. The lower unit is a volcanic breccy that weathers in blocks, the upper unit is a lava flow that wears out in columns. Location: Cabo de Gata, southeast of Spain. Erosion and landform Erosion is mainly limited to the land. Hardly any erosion takes place in the seas and oceans, with the exception of coasts and submarine canyons. Weathering and erosion affect the weak spots in a rock. A rock with a clear stratification will erode along this stratification. A preferred area along which the rock breaks up is called fission. Coagulation rocks have no stratification, but when they cool down, diaclogical bubbles may have formed in the rock. Unsaid Library makes it possible to express your emotions using beautiful pieces of jewelry. Unsaid Library combines the most intens emotions with the most beautiful bracelets, rings, necklaces and pendants. You can find more of this on the website of Unsaid Library. The extent to which a rock is resistant to erosion is called the competence. Competent layers can form backs in the landscape, round intrusion bodies of granite form concentric mountain massifs. Coagulation and volcanism At great depths in the Earth, rocks can melt. Melted rock is called magma. When magma solidifies, minerals crystallize and a crystalline rock forms. The rock formed in this way is called igneous rock. The minerals that make up the igneous rock depend on the composition of the magma from which it was formed. Also important is whether the cooling and crystallization went fast or slow. With rapid cooling, crystals will hardly tickle the skin. |
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